Dr. Zamir Punja and Cannacopia!

Disease Identification and Management - Key Concepts for Cannabis Success

We are beyond pleased to announce that Dr. Zamir Punja, of Simon Fraser University, will be joining us on March 17th for Perennia's first ever cannabis workshop! He will be chatting with us about identifying the biggest disease-causing agents in cannabis, and providing suggestions for managing them as well! Following his talk, viewers will have the opportunity to chat with Dr. Punja and ask any questions you may have. 

For those of you who aren't familiar with his name, Dr. Zamir Punja is a Professor of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology at Simon Fraser University with expertise in plant pathogens, tissue culture and molecular biology. Before joining Simon Fraser University, Zamir was the was manager of plant biotechnology for Campbell Soup Company where he worked on carrot diseases. Since then, his research has included work with greenhouse vegetables, ginseng, blueberry, and wasabi. Recently his lab has been developing methods for identifying and managing new and emerging diseases of cannabis. Zamir’s work with cannabis has produced many scientific publications and established him as one of the leading cannabis disease researchers in North America.

You will be able to catch Dr. Punja's session at 3:20 AST on March 17th. For more information on our cannabis workshop, or details regarding registration, click here! 

Workshop Alert - Cannacopia is Coming to A Screen Near You!

Introducing...Cannacopia! Perennia's First Ever Webinar Focused on all Things Cannabis!

 Join us for an afternoon of speakers focusing on Key Concepts for Cannabis Success. 

We have enlisted a team of experts to discuss facility sanitation, disease identification and management strategies, as well as hear first hand from about what it takes to start up a successful edible brand.  In addition, the Cannabis scientists at Perennia will be sharing information on most frequently asked questions when it comes to microbial contamination, as well as highlight the scope of services we offer - some even free of charge! Each session will be followed by a question period to help elaborate on anything you want to learn more about. The workshop will finish off with a panel discussion amongst our industry experts, with the opportunity for feedback from the audience as well. 

This free of charge workshop will take place on March 17th from 1-5 pm AST. For more information, or those looking to register, click here! 

The Importance of Water Activity and Cannabis

 How Water Activity Prevents Microbial Growth

There are specific measures for what we call water activity; another way of saying water activity is internal relative humidity. All those little air pockets inside of the cannabis flower will have a certain relative humidity, which is going to be the same as the water activity in the cannabis plant material itself. There are certain levels of water activity where microbes can grow, for example, the bacteria that we’re worried about grow above the 0.85 water activity level. There are yeasts and moulds that grow in the area between 0.65 and 0.85 water activity, where 0.65 is the accepted limit for mould growth in cannabis. 

Most of your moulds are not going to grow below 0.70 water activity, but some can grow down to 0.65 and there are a few others that can grow down to 0.60 water activity, but those are much less common and not really a concern in cannabis. Values below 0.65 water activity is considered the safe limit for cannabis flower. There are specific levels for water activity below which microbes cannot grow. It doesn’t matter how much water is in the cannabis or in any given product, but it’s a specific level of water activity that determines whether or not microbes can grow. 

Water Activity and Government Compliance

Because this issue with microbial growth is based on water activity, there are specific government compliance parameters for a variety of different products that need to be kept shelf stable. Cannabis is one of those, and there are standards set up in order to help people maintain compliance. One of the standards for cannabis is the ASTM D8196 for determining water activity in cannabis flower.

The Water Activity Sweet Spot for Cannabis

That space between 0.55 and 0.62 water activity tends to be the sweet spot where those moisture levels are just right. Anything above 0.65 you’re going to have potential for microbial growth, so, we really want to be below 0.65. A little bit lower than 0.65 is always helpful because you want to make sure that you’re not going to have issues, give yourself a little bit of leeway, but you also don’t want to be too dry.

If you get too low in water activity level, it causes oxidation of the trichomes, and you have a reaction that leads to loss of terpenes and cannabinoids. If you’re too high in water activity, then the challenge is that you’re going to have fungus growth, yeast growth, or other microbe growth, so maintaining that water activity is really important. 

Water Activity: Fast and Accurate to ±0.003

Something to look at when you’re looking at water activity is that water activity is temperature dependent; as a general rule, higher temperatures lead to higher water activity. For any given product, the change in water activity based on temperature is going to be consistent for specific products. Also, in cannabis, you’ll see that higher temperatures lead to increased rates of decarboxylation. That means we want to maintain a level of water activity or relative humidity in your cannabis flower, even when it ships for distribution and sale. So, if your product does experience higher temperatures, you may see higher water activities that may put you over the acceptable water activity limit, where you might see some microbial growth. 

Being able to protect that humidity level when product leaves your facility and before it’s consumed is important, and you’ll want to be aware and give yourself a little bit of extra leeway. Being closer to the 0.60 or 0.62 water activity level is probably better than being right at 0.65 water activity in case there are temperature fluctuations that the product experiences after it’s packaged.

If you’re looking at 60% relative humidity, that’s the same as saying 0.60 water activity. Relative humidity is expressed in a percent. Water activity doesn’t really have a unit, but we call it water activity or a_w. So, it’s the water activity that determines whether or not mold fungus or microbes can grow, and its water activity that determines quality, meaning chemical and physical reaction rates. 

At BloomLabs, we can get an accurate measurement to ± 0.003 a_w and a precision of 0.002 a_w, which is a very, very specific measurement! You can contact us at bloomlabs.ca to receive more information about our cannabis testing! 

To sum up, we want to dry the product to the right water activity level to hit the sweet spot so that we’re not over drying, causing quality loss and less sales profit, but also, we don’t want to under dry to enable mould and microbial growth!

Posted By: Jay Radadiya